Building My Financial Independence Plan from First Principles

Atrahasis Portfolio Key Numbers (MTD Nov  2025)

MTD return (excluding contributions)-0.86%
Starting balance (1 Nov) S$2,848,958.7
Purchases S$30,333.5
Market move-S$25,224.8
Dividends ReceivedS$472.5
Ending balance (14 Nov)S$2,854,539.9
Bridge Cash Bucket (BCB)S$150,000 (36% funded)
Dividend tapS$3,811.25/mth(76.23% of Target)
Total (Including BCB) S$3,004,539.9

Note: Dividend tap refers to the portfolio average monthly dividend which is estimated from Snowball Analytics.

Purchases (1-14 Nov)

IWDA (Core): 50 shares @127.38 USD, approx S$8,285
IB01 (Defensive): 110 shares @118.10 USD, approx S$16,897
BTC (Alternatives): 0.03820534  BTC, approx S$4,990

Total deployed: S$30,333.5

My Financial Independence Framework

Assumptions I use for planning

Before anything else, I define my working assumptions.
They are not fixed for life. They simply give me a clear frame to build around.

1. Monthly lifestyle anchors

  • Basic FI at S$12,000

  • Full FI at S$20,000

2. Spending context

  • Singapore’s latest average household expenditure (2023, SingStat) is S$5,931

  • Basic FI is roughly twice that

  • Full FI is about three and a half times that

3. Income taps

  • A future dividend stream of about S$5,000 a month in today's dollars.

  • CPF LIFE starting around age 70 under the Enhanced Retirement Sum

4. Portfolio structure

Since I want to stop full time work around 48, I will need to fund my lifestyle until CPF LIFE begins. I call this period the bridge. To handle the bridge safely without giving up long term returns, I use a simple design:

  • A 5 year safe bucket in SGD (HYSAs, SSBs etc) (Bridge Safe Bucket)

  • The rest of the bridge invested in the usual global mix

  • A long term draw rate of about 3.25 percent

  • A 10 percent USD cushion applied to the long term drawdown pot, since much of my portfolio is in USD but my spending is in SGD

5. Retirement timing

  • Stop full time work around 48

  • Build a bridge to CPF LIFE

These assumptions keep the plan grounded in reality rather than guesswork.

Anchors, Not Absolutes

I anchor my FI thinking to two monthly numbers. Basic FI at twelve thousand a month and Full FI at twenty thousand a month. They are guides rather than rigid targets.

Basic FI is the level where life works smoothly. Bills, school fees, groceries, transport and healthcare are all covered. Work becomes optional rather than compulsory.

Full FI is the level where life opens up. A nicer home is possible. Better holidays fit comfortably. A car is within reach if I want one. The quality of life feels wider with less hesitation at each decision point.

Once I know the lifestyle I want to fund, the portfolio becomes a tool rather than the purpose. Everything I build supports one of these two anchors.

Two Phases Instead of One Giant Target

My FI plan has two very different stretches.

Phase 1: Age 48 to 70

The early retirement years before CPF LIFE begins.
My spending will come from dividends and a controlled draw from the portfolio.

Phase 2: Age 70 onward

CPF LIFE begins and becomes a strong SGD income floor.
Dividends continue.
The portfolio only tops up the remaining gap.

The Dividend Tap

My Singapore holdings already generate steady income. Over time I want this stream to settle around S$5,000 a month in today’s dollars. This is not a separate FI target. It is simply one of the taps that funds the same two FI anchors.

I treat this dividend stream as spendable income. I do not also include the capital that produces it inside the 3.25 percent drawdown pool. That keeps the income and the drawdown maths separate and avoids double counting. Therefore I need to set aside S$1,000,000, assuming 6% yield.

If this tap contributes five thousand a month, then the portfolio only needs to supply:

  • Basic FI gap: S$7,000 a month

  • Full FI gap: S$15,000 a month

This reduces the burden on the drawdown portfolio, especially in the earlier years.

A Bridge That Does Not Kill Returns

Retiring at 48 creates a long bridge before CPF LIFE starts.
But I do not try to park 22 years of spending in cash. That would destroy returns.

I use a simple two-layer bridge instead.

1. A safe bucket for 5 years (Bridge Cash Bucket)

This sits in SGD cash, T bills, SSBs and short duration bond funds.
This protects the first years of early retirement and prevents panic selling in a downturn.

2. The remaining bridge stays fully invested

This part behaves like the rest of the Atrahasis portfolio.
It grows ahead of inflation and refills the safe bucket when markets allow.

Each year I spend from the safe bucket.
If markets are calm, I trim invested assets to refill it.
If markets are rough, I stretch the safe bucket and delay refills.

The bridge stays shallow but resilient. It is not frozen for 22 years.

CPF LIFE at 70 for a Stronger Floor Later

If I set aside the Enhanced Retirement Sum at 55 and start CPF LIFE at 70, payouts should land around 4,000 to 4,300 SGD a month in today’s dollars.

From age 70 onward my stable SGD income becomes:

  • CPF LIFE payouts

  • Monthly dividends

Together that is roughly S$9,200 a month.

The portfolio only needs to top up:

  • Basic FI: about S$2,800 a month

  • Full FI: about S$10,800 a month

At a long term draw rate of about 3.25 percent, this works out to:

  • Basic FI: about 1.03 million SGD (33,600 ÷ 0.0325)

  • Full FI: about 3.99 million SGD (129,600 ÷ 0.0325)

Sizing the Long Term Pot with a Currency Cushion

Because a large part of my portfolio is in USD, I size the long term drawdown pot assuming a 10 percent USD drop at the wrong moment.

After applying this cushion and keeping a small SGD buffer, the long term pot I aim for is roughly:

  • Basic FI: about 1.2 million SGD

  • Full FI: about 4.3 million SGD

These are working ranges rather than rigid targets. They help me stay honest about currency and market risk.

Putting the Structure Together with Two Buckets

I think about the portfolio as two buckets. The dividend bucket D is the capital that supports the S$5,000 a month in SGD dividends. The drawdown bucket R is the rest of the Atrahasis portfolio that I am willing to sell down slowly.

I now assume that about S$1,000,000 sits in D. At a net yield of roughly 6 percent, that pays about S$60,000 a year, or S$5,000 a month, which is the dividend tap I am targeting. This capital is not counted inside the 3.25 percent drawdown pool R.

The drawdown bucket R then needs to cover the remaining gaps, both in the bridge years and after CPF LIFE starts. On my current assumptions, R needs roughly S$2.6 to S$2.8 million for Basic FI and S$7.4 to S$7.6 million for Full FI.

That means the total portfolio requirement, D plus R, is about S$3.6 to S$3.8 million for Basic FI and about S$8.4 to S$8.6 million for Full FI.

Basic FI path

Total portfolio needs of roughly 3.6 to 3.8 million SGD

Full FI path

Total portfolio needs of roughly 8.4 to 8.6 million SGD

These ranges shift slightly with markets and life choices, but the structure stays stable.

Where I Stand Today

With the current portfolio at about S$3.0 million including the Bridge Cash Bucket, I am roughly 80 percent of the way to the Basic FI total of 3.6 to 3.8 million and about 35 percent of the way to the Full FI total of 8.4 to 8.6 million. The dividend tap is about 76 percent built and the first layer of the Bridge Cash Bucket is forming. The structure is clear. From here the work is to finish the dividend bucket, complete the five year safe bucket, and let the global engine do its compounding in the background.

October 2025 Portfolio Update: A Calm Climb Amid Subtle Shifts

Key Numbers (Oct  2025)

  • 1‑month return (excluding contributions): +2.29%

  • Year‑to‑date (YTD) return: +10.66%

  • Starting balance (1 Oct): S$2,707,643.64

  • Purchases : S$78,073.16

  • Market move: +S$62,088.7

  • Dividends Received: +S$1,699.81
  • Ending balance (31 Oct): S$2,847,805.47

Purchases (1-31 Oct)

IWDA (Core): 270 shares, approx S$44,658
IB01 (Defensive): 100 shares, approx S$15,345
ERNA (Defensive): 1000 shares, approx S$8,086
Keppel DC REIT (Country Tilt): 1448 shares, approx S$3,242
BTC (Alternatives):
0.014464 BTC, approx S$2,000
HMN (SGX: HMN, Country Tilts):
5,100 shares, S$4,768.50

Total deployed in October: S$78,073

Steady Month with Small Surprises

October was calm for the Atrahasis Portfolio. More like a gentle climb than a sprint. The portfolio rose modestly without fuss. Under the surface, small moves kept everything balanced. Global stocks edged higher. Singapore REITs held steady. Bonds and cash quietly did their job. Each piece moved at its own pace, helping the whole portfolio inch ahead.

Yes, it lagged slightly behind the S&P 500 this month. And that's okay. The Atrahasis Portfolio isn't built to match pure stock indexes every month. Instead, I aim for balance across stocks, bonds, and REITs. That means accepting slightly slower gains when stocks jump, in exchange for a smoother journey overall. Slow, steady, and balanced is how I like it.

Global stocks: helpful drift, small gains

My core global stock fund, IWDA, moved gently higher during October. I made several small buys throughout the month instead of one big trade. These buys gently nudged IWDA closer to my target of 40%.

Currency shifts between the US dollar and Singapore dollar provided a small boost in October. Some years currency drift helps returns, some years it trims them slightly. I deliberately chose not to hedge currency exposure. Hedging would add complexity and cost. By not hedging, I keep things simple. Over time, currency movements tend to balance out. At least that is the idea 🙂

Singapore REITs: steady footing

My Singapore REITs stayed steady. Income kept flowing. I also made one deliberate choice. I normally miss rights issues when life gets busy. This was the first time I acted. Keppel DC REIT had a rights issue in October and I subscribed to my full allotment plus some excess at S$2.24. It protected my stake from dilution and nudged up my income slice at a price I was happy with. I also added 5,100 units of CapitaLand Ascott Trust at S$0.935.

Bonds and cash: the cushion

Late in the month, I added to my short‑dated bond holdings. I bought more of my 0 to 1 year US Treasury ETF (IB01) and an ultrashort bond fund (ERNA). ERNA holds very short‑term, high quality corporate and government bonds. These adds nudged bonds closer to my 22% target mix. Bonds help keep the portfolio steady during bumpy moves and earn a small return while I wait.

I also hold an Australian cash ETF (AAA). It places money in high‑interest Australian dollar bank deposits with major banks. It pays distributions out as cash instead of reinvesting automatically. My Australian funds are distributing, not accumulating. I plan to reinvest these pay outs quarterly. Fewer small trades. Cleaner records.

Current vs target (31 Oct 2025)

SleeveTarget %Current %Current Δ %
Global Core409.5–30.5
Global
Factor Tilts
712.29+5.29
EM ex China65.27–0.73
Country Tilts1041.33+31.33
Defensive2214.93–7.07
Alternatives1211.33–0.67
AUD FX35.34+2.34

If you want to see how all these pieces fit together, take a look at my full Atrahasis Portfolio.

Atrahasis Portfolio Update: Mid October 2025

This Atrahasis Portfolio Update covers the moves made in October 2025 up to 18th Oct. There was a bit of everything. Global equities stayed resilient, gold printed fresh records, and crypto sold off. I used the dips: added IWDA on pullbacks to pull Core toward 40%, opened a starter position in CapitaLand Ascott Trust (HMN) to fill the lodging and living sleeve in the SG REIT mix and diversify income beyond retail and office, and picked up a small BTC lot on the dip. Simple moves in the same direction, compounding the plan.

Quick reflections

  • Core: Added to IWDA only. Slow, steady march toward 40%.

  • Alternatives: No strict band for BTC and Gold. I will nibble BTC on pullbacks. I have no plan to add gold at today’s levels.

  • SG REITS: Adding HMN as a Diversifier within the SG REITs sleeve. I am currently heavy in data-centre, industrial, and commercial office names. Adding lodging and living exposure balances that tilt. It brings in a different demand driver (travel and long-stay), a different lease profile (shorter, more dynamic pricing), and a broader geographic mix. The aim is to reduce sector concentration risk, smooth income across cycles. I will size it modestly at first and build only if valuation, balance sheet, and operating trends stay favourable.

  • Process: Followed the rule to add IWDA for Core. I avoided the temptation to add other ETFs despite the pullback. The SG REIT add was a deliberate sleeve-level diversification, a small starter in lodging and living (HMN) to broaden the Singapore income mix beyond retail and office. It is sized so it does not slow the push toward 40% Core, and the decision focused on valuation, balance sheet strength, and incremental income diversification.

Month-to-date movement

  • Opening value (1 Oct) :  S$2,707,643.60

  • Purchases (MTD) :  S$35,907.90

  • Market move (MTD):  +S$18,479.80

  • Change this month :  +S$54,387.70

  • Current value (18 Oct):  S$2,762,031.30

Purchases (MTD)

IWDA (Core):190 units, approx S$29,140
BTC‑USD (Alternatives):
0.014464 BTC, approx S$2,000
HMN (SGX: HMN, Country Tilts):
5,100 shares, S$4,768.50

Total deployed in October: S$35,907.90

Current vs target (18 Oct 2025)

SleeveTarget %Current %Current Δ %
Global Core409.09-30.91
Global
Factor Tilts
712.60+5.60
EM ex China65.30-0.70
Country Tilts1040.76+30.76
Defensive2214.33-7.67
Alternatives1211.75-0.25
AUD FX35.38+2.38

What I am watching into month‑end

  • IWDA pullbacks for DCA to lift Core toward 40%.

  • BTC behaviour after the recent wobble. Alternatives stays around 12% unless the sleeve moves out of band.

  • Short‑duration yields for ERNA/IB01 as I keep rebuilding Defensive on schedule.